Money is a matter of functions four: a medium, a measure, a standard and a store. Introduction Before the medium of exchange - that is, "money" - came into the picture, there was no standard for the trade. The primitive humans, who were primarily hunter-gatherer socities did not require any medium of exchange. Since these socities were typically small and highly mobile, with individuals and groups relying on hunting, gathering, and foraging for their sustenance. The social organization of hunter-gatherer societies was relatively egalitarian, with individuals working together to ensure the well-being of the group. Constitution of Nations As the human socities became more sedentary and settled, the need for more complex social and political structures emerged. The development of agriculture and the establishment of permanent settlements allowed for the growth of larger communities and the emergence of social hierarchies. The need for exchange of goods and services aro...

Agriculture is a backbone of any economy, and it is the activity by which food is produced by the optimal use of territorial resources such as land and water. Agriculture in simple terms can be defined as "the cultivation and/ or production of crop plants or livestock products" . A growing global population and changing diet are driving up the demand for food. Production is struggling to keep up as crop yields level off in many parts of the world, ocean health declines, and natural resources - including soil, water and biodiversity - are stretched dangerously thin. The food security challenge will only become more difficult, as the world will need more food for the growing population. This rising concern of food security coupled with output productivity of lands and crop yields made scientist think something about smart agriculture/ climate-smart agriculture. Climate-smart Agriculture   is a revolution in the agriculture industry that helps to guide actions required to...

Before we delve into cryptocurrency and Bitcoin, there are some fundamental concepts which needs understanding. What is Cryptocurrency? A digital asset designed to work as a medium of exchange. Cryptocurrencies are classified as a subset of digital currencies and are also classified as a subset of alternative currencies and virtual currencies. Cryptocurrency is used cryptography to- Control creation of additional units Secure its transactions Verify the transfer units (These are the functions that fiat currencies do through the main stream channel) What is Digital Currency (or Digital Money or Electronic Money or Electronic Currency)? Any currency that is present only in a digital form but not in the physical form (like notes and coins) is a digital currency. It will be like physical money with instantaneous transaction and borderless transfer of ownership e.g. cryptocurrencies and virtual currencies. Digital currencies can be used to buy physical goods a...

History of INDIA is very rich in terms of having Kingdoms, Architecture, Literature and many other things, and agriculture has always been in focus point for the economic activity. Over centuries growth of agriculture has contributed a lot in rise of civilisations. Before agriculture became the widespread activity, peoples were nomads. They roam around in search of food - hunting wild animals and gathering wild eatable plants - on daily basis. They were not settlers so they did not prosper. Eventually people learnt how to grow cereals and other edible roots, this was the turning point when they decided to settle down and live a life based on farming. Over some centuries dependence on agriculture increased heavily because of  which civilisations prosper a lot. Indus Valley Civilization (IVC) or Harappan Civilisation  (one of the several civilizations during that time period), which was situated on the bank on the river Indus, prosper because farming started producing surplus...

Earlier I have written about the  Evolution of Technology , in which I have talked about how inventions and innovations have happened to develop new technology and ideas in the past . Now in this blog I am going to talk the Miniaturization of technology in day-to-day term we call it 'Nanotechnology'.   This nanotechnology is the new upcoming ideas towards the future. It has already passed several steps, and yet it is in the process of refinement. Nanotechnology can be defined as a branch of technology and deals with dimensions and tolerance of less than 100 nano-meters, especially the manipulation of individual atom or molecule.  and engineering of functional or as engineering of functional system at the molecular scale. Some experts may still insist that nanotechnology can refer to measurement or visualization at the scale of 1-100 nano-meters, but a consensus seems to be forming around the that control and restructuring of matter at the nano-scale is a nec...